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A-level Psychology (AQA) — Approaches in Psychology: 30 practice questions

30 original A-level Psychology (AQA) questions on Approaches in Psychology, each with an explanation and its source. Topics: Classical conditioning and conditioned response, Extinction in classical conditioning, Negative reinforcement, Punishment and reinforcement, Shaping in operant conditioning, Fixed-ratio reinforcement schedule, Cognitive versus behaviourist approaches, Schemas and inference in the cognitive approach, Genotype and phenotype distinction, Cognitive neuroscience and causal inference, Learning approaches: behaviourist assumptions, Classical conditioning, Pavlov’s research, Operant conditioning, Positive reinforcement, Punishment, Social learning theory: observation, Identification with a model, Vicarious reinforcement, Mediational processes, Cognitive approach and schemas, Cognitive approach, Biological approach: genotype and phenotype, Phenotype, Evolution and behaviour, Psychodynamic approach: unconscious, Id, ego and superego, Defence mechanism: repression, Defence mechanism: displacement. Two free samples are below. Try 5 more free, no sign-up.

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Two Approaches in Psychology questions with explanations

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Q1 Classical conditioning and conditioned response

In a conditioning study, a tone is repeatedly paired with food. Later, the tone alone makes a dog salivate. Which statement best describes the learned response?

  1. The tone remains a neutral stimulus and salivation is unlearned.
  2. The tone becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits a conditioned response.
  3. Food becomes the conditioned response.
  4. Salivation is operant behaviour reinforced by removing food.
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: B. After repeated pairing, the formerly neutral tone becomes the conditioned stimulus (CS); salivation to the tone is the conditioned response (CR).

Sources: AQA · AQA

Q2 Extinction in classical conditioning

After a tone has become a conditioned stimulus, it is repeatedly presented without food. The dog’s salivation to the tone gradually weakens. What is this process?

  1. Spontaneous recovery
  2. Stimulus generalisation
  3. Extinction
  4. Positive reinforcement
Show the answer and explanation

Answer: C. Extinction occurs when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned response weakens.

Sources: AQA · AQA

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